There are various background services that drain your computer battery or the extensive use of widgets on the main screen. On Android phones MediaScan is the problem. The service constantly performs search queries regarding data on the storage devices. You can find this in Menu > Settings > Application Manager. From the same menu you can identify the running applications. Try to stop those applications which are not system bound meaning that are custom installed and are not bundled with the system. Also, I recommend on using BetterBatteryStats to see what process or application is draining your battery in such a short time.
This also applies to Symbian or other operating systems. You may not use the same application, but you can see what is running in the Services menu.